疾病預防控制中心（簡稱疾控中心)的建設重點在實驗室，而實驗室建設重點在于空調通風系統，實驗室環境于空調通風系統而言主要是對壓力梯度、潔凈度及溫濕度等方面有一定的要求。通常，以空氣潔凈度（空氣中懸浮粒子潔凈度)為指標的潔凈實驗室，可分1～9等級，1級為潔凈度最高。疾控中心實驗室常用的(de)有5級(ji)(ji)（百級(ji)(ji)）、6級(ji)(ji)（千(qian)級(ji)(ji)）、7級(ji)(ji)(萬級(ji)(ji))和(he)8級(ji)(ji)（十萬級(ji)(ji)).對于以生(sheng)物(wu)安(an)全(quan)為(wei)(wei)核心的(de)生(sheng)物(wu)安(an)全(quan)實驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)，根(gen)據其所(suo)處理(li)對象的(de)生(sheng)物(wu)危害(hai)程(cheng)度和(he)所(suo)采取的(de)防護(hu)措施把生(sheng)物(wu)安(an)全(quan)實驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)4級(ji)(ji)，即BSL-1、BSL—2、BSL—3、BSL—4實驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)，ABSL—1、ABSL—2、ABSL—3、ABSL—4為(wei)(wei)動物(wu)生(sheng)物(wu)安(an)全(quan)實驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)，一(yi)級(ji)(ji)防護(hu)最(zui)低，四級(ji)(ji)防護(hu)要(yao)求最(zui)高(gao)。深圳(zhen)華安(an)根(gen)據實際實驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)空(kong)調設(she)(she)計工作經驗(yan)(yan)，依(yi)據相(xiang)關技術規范，針對不同類型實驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)空(kong)調通風系統設(she)(she)計要(yao)求進行探討。

1、疾控中心實驗室的分類對于不同類型實驗室，其空調通風系統有不同的要求。在進行疾控中心實驗室設計時，根據不同實驗室的實驗室壓力梯度、潔凈度與溫濕度要求，結合生物安全等實驗室專業要求，將實驗室大致分成五種類型。

1·1第(di)1類(lei)型既要保證一定(ding)(ding)壓(ya)力梯度又(you)要保證相應潔凈度要求的(de)負壓(ya)實(shi)(shi)驗室.此類(lei)實(shi)(shi)驗室主要包括BSL—3和BSL-4實(shi)(shi)驗室，也包括一些負壓(ya)狀(zhuang)態下的(de)BSL—2實(shi)(shi)驗室.對(dui)BSL—3和BSL-4實(shi)(shi)驗室的(de)建(jian)設要求，GB 50346—2004《生物安全實(shi)(shi)驗室建(jian)筑技術規范(fan)》做了嚴格的(de)規定(ding)(ding)。

1·2第2類型有潔凈度(du)(du)要求(qiu)且具有相對壓力梯度(du)(du)的(de)正壓實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi).此類實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)主要為單純性潔凈實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)，包括(kuo)SPF動物實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)、部分(fen)衛生微生物實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)、ICP-MS分(fen)析儀器(qi)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)等。

1·3第3類(lei)型要保證一定壓(ya)力梯度(du)但對室內無潔(jie)(jie)凈度(du)要求的(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)實驗(yan)室。對于一些具有較高風險的(de)(de)BSL-2實驗(yan)室，可(ke)按負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)進行設計(ji).如流(liu)感實驗(yan)室、結核(he)桿(gan)菌耐藥實驗(yan)室等。通常，在實驗(yan)室建設中，負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)與潔(jie)(jie)凈是(shi)相伴(ban)設置的(de)(de)，但是(shi)，當受條件(jian)限制時，根據具體情況也可(ke)省去(qu)潔(jie)(jie)凈條件(jian)，僅(jin)按負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)條件(jian)設置。

1·4第4類型對溫濕度有較高要求的恒溫恒濕實驗室。此類實驗室主包括環境(jing)空氣倉、空氣消毒實驗室、昆蟲(chong)飼(si)養室、殺蟲(chong)模擬現場(chang)等實驗室。

1·5第5類型(xing)對壓(ya)力梯(ti)度、潔(jie)凈(jing)度及溫濕(shi)度都無具體要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)的(de)普通實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)。此類實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)包括(kuo)大(da)部分(fen)理化實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)（如：化學分(fen)析(xi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)、樣品處理室(shi)(shi)(shi)、氣相色譜室(shi)(shi)(shi)、氣/液質聯用(yong)儀、原子吸收室(shi)(shi)(shi)等實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)）、BSL—1實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)（包括(kuo)分(fen)子細菌學實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)、免疫學實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)、肝炎實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)、厭氧實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)等）。上(shang)述分(fen)類是按照(zhao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)所需要(yao)(yao)滿足的(de)主要(yao)(yao)環(huan)境(jing)條件進(jin)行(xing)的(de)，是相對的(de)分(fen)類，在實(shi)(shi)(shi)際工作中各類實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)是相互交(jiao)叉的(de)，特別是1～4類實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)，通常是要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)負(fu)壓(ya)/正壓(ya)、潔(jie)凈(jing)度、溫濕(shi)度同時具備。

2、不同類型實驗室空調通風系統設計要求

對于不同類(lei)型的(de)實驗室，由于室內環境(jing)的(de)要求各不相同，其室內氣(qi)流(liu)控制形式、壓力(li)梯(ti)度(du)、潔凈度(du)、換氣(qi)次數、溫濕度(du)、噪聲等(deng)方面的(de)需(xu)求也各有不同。

2·1第1類型(xing)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)內部環境的(de)(de)(de)要求比較(jiao)高，負壓狀(zhuang)態下BSL—2實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)主(zhu)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)于(yu)大氣(qi)壓為—20~-30 Pa，相(xiang)鄰相(xiang)通房間(jian)壓差為10～15 Pa，潔凈(jing)度(du)(du)(du)為7~8級(ji)。如果涉及較(jiao)大潛在(zai)危害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)，宜采用全(quan)新風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)。BSL-3、BSL—4主(zhu)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)室(shi)外大氣(qi)壓，污(wu)染(ran)區(qu)為-40 Pa（名(ming)義值），實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)環境潔凈(jing)度(du)(du)(du)級(ji)別為7級(ji)或8級(ji)。為確保實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)域內的(de)(de)(de)穩定的(de)(de)(de)壓力梯度(du)(du)(du)，空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)可采用定量(liang)送(song)(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、變頻排(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)等(deng)通風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)形(xing)式(shi)。氣(qi)流(liu)組織采用對(dui)(dui)側(ce)(ce)上送(song)(song)下排(pai)(pai)方(fang)式(shi)，主(zhu)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)送(song)(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)設置(zhi)在(zai)生物安(an)全(quan)柜的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)面上方(fang)頂棚圖2第1類實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)原理(li)圖圖3第2類實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)原理(li)圖圖4第3類實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)原理(li)圖處，盡量(liang)靠近側(ce)(ce)墻；排(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)應設置(zhi)在(zai)生物安(an)全(quan)柜后下方(fang)側(ce)(ce)墻處.為了(le)提(ti)(ti)高氣(qi)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)均勻性(xing)，送(song)(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)與(yu)排(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)應采取“一”字(zi)滿布方(fang)式(shi)，以提(ti)(ti)高空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)流(liu)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)平行度(du)(du)(du)與(yu)合理(li)的(de)(de)(de)流(liu)向，降低含毒氣(qi)體流(liu)經工作(zuo)人(ren)員呼(hu)吸帶的(de)(de)(de)可能(neng)(neng)性(xing).對(dui)(dui)于(yu)第1類型(xing)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同功能(neng)(neng)類別實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)域宜采用獨立的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)，以防(fang)止交(jiao)叉(cha)污(wu)染(ran)。實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)要有較(jiao)好密閉性(xing)，空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)送(song)(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)必須經過低、中、高三道過濾后才(cai)能(neng)(neng)送(song)(song)入(ru)房間(jian)，排(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)同樣需經高效過濾處理(li)后才(cai)能(neng)(neng)外排(pai)(pai)。此類實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)送(song)(song)排(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)方(fang)式(shi)如圖2所示(shi)。

2·2第2類(lei)(lei)型(xing)此類(lei)(lei)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)度有較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求，不(bu)同等級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與非潔(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓差應(ying)≥圖(tu)(tu)(tu)5環(huan)境測試(shi)倉空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)調(diao)節(jie)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)基(ji)本原理圖(tu)(tu)(tu)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)6第5類(lei)(lei)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)原理圖(tu)(tu)(tu)5 Pa，潔(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)與室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓力梯度應(ying)〈10 Pa〔4〕，以防止潔(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)級(ji)別低區(qu)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)流進入潔(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)級(ji)別較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)域(yu)。潔(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，宜分別獨(du)立設置(zhi);若采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)合并(bing)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，則應(ying)按功能(neng)(neng)、類(lei)(lei)別進行(xing)分類(lei)(lei)組合，相對獨(du)立設置(zhi)，不(bu)同功能(neng)(neng)類(lei)(lei)別的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)得共(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)新(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)、回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)和排風(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，以防止不(bu)同實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)隨回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)相互混合〔1，5〕。空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)上送(song)下排的(de)(de)(de)(de)送(song)排風(feng)(feng)(feng)方式，百級(ji)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)垂直單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)或水平單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)送(song)排風(feng)(feng)(feng)方式。送(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)均需經過(guo)三級(ji)過(guo)濾，排風(feng)(feng)(feng)同樣(yang)作相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)濾處理后才能(neng)(neng)高空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排放.在(zai)處理此類(lei)(lei)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時，又可(ke)根據實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是否可(ke)以利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)分為兩(liang)種(zhong)不(bu)同要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是全新(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)能(neng)(neng)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)；另一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)，從(cong)節(jie)約(yue)能(neng)(neng)源和降(jiang)低運行(xing)成本的(de)(de)(de)(de)角度考慮應(ying)當利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)，但對于實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)主(zhu)張(zhang)過(guo)多利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)，以保(bao)證(zheng)環(huan)境與實(shi)驗(yan)人員及(ji)動物的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全.利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)保(bao)證(zheng)供給潔(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)鮮空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)量(liang)≥40 m3/(h·人）.利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)排風(feng)(feng)(feng)方式如圖(tu)(tu)(tu)3所(suo)示。

2·3第(di)3類型為減少(shao)運行(xing)費用(yong)，可(ke)以(yi)設(she)置一些只要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證一定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)梯(ti)(ti)度但無潔凈(jing)度要(yao)求的(de)(de)負壓(ya)(ya)(ya)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。此類實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)需要(yao)在(zai)主實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外設(she)一個緩沖間，以(yi)保(bao)(bao)證主實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與外界的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)理(li)隔(ge)離.主實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分別與外部大(da)氣壓(ya)(ya)(ya)和輔助實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)-20~-30 Pa的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)梯(ti)(ti)度。同(tong)時(shi)，為保(bao)(bao)護(hu)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)人員和實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)環境，通常會(hui)設(she)置BSC—Ⅱ級別生物(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)全柜，安(an)(an)全柜包括內(nei)排(pai)式(shi)與外排(pai)式(shi).當不(bu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)生物(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)全柜或使(shi)(shi)用(yong)內(nei)排(pai)式(shi)生物(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)全柜時(shi)，對(dui)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)氣流不(bu)會(hui)產生額外影響，室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)送排(pai)風(feng)(feng)僅需滿(man)足室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)合理(li)換氣次(ci)數，并維持(chi)正常的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)梯(ti)(ti)度即可(ke)。當使(shi)(shi)用(yong)外排(pai)式(shi)生物(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)全柜時(shi)，由于生物(wu)(wu)安(an)(an)全柜的(de)(de)向(xiang)外排(pai)風(feng)(feng)，會(hui)造成室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)梯(ti)(ti)度的(de)(de)增大(da)。如(ru)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)梯(ti)(ti)度過(guo)大(da)，超出(chu)正常范圍(wei)，則有(you)(you)必要(yao)在(zai)限定的(de)(de)時(shi)間（有(you)(you)關標(biao)準要(yao)求時(shi)間為〈1 s）內(nei)對(dui)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)進(jin)行(xing)補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)，或減少(shao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)排(pai)風(feng)(feng)，以(yi)確保(bao)(bao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)梯(ti)(ti)度相對(dui)穩定。通常為保(bao)(bao)持(chi)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)環境溫度，不(bu)宜直接從(cong)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外向(xiang)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)進(jin)行(xing)補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)，最(zui)好經過(guo)空(kong)調(diao)系(xi)統.第(di)3類型的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)空(kong)調(diao)系(xi)統送排(pai)風(feng)(feng)方(fang)式(shi)如(ru)圖(tu)4所示(shi)。

2·4第4類型實驗室對室內的溫濕度有較高的要求，如環境空氣倉：在進行室內空氣中揮發性有機物的測定與評價實驗時，溫度為（23±0·5）℃，濕度為（45±5）％，換氣次數為1次/h；在進行空氣凈化器和空氣殺毒劑等空氣清潔產品的凈化、殺毒效果實驗時，溫度、濕度的要求同上，換氣次數為0次/h，即零換氣；全系統不得發生結露現象，以避免被測物溶于水中，影響測試結果的準確性;進入倉體的空氣應清潔，其中甲醛濃度或其他干擾測試結果的物質濃度必須<6μg/m3.環境測試倉空氣調節系統基本原理見圖5. 2·5第5類型因無壓力和潔凈度要求，空調系統處理比較簡單，通常可以考慮按一般舒適性的空調系統進行設計，在實驗室內保持一定的溫度與濕度即可。如果外界環境允許，實驗室通常可以在開窗的情況下進行實驗操作。但當實驗室內設有通風柜或(huo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)排(pai)(pai)(pai)生(sheng)物(wu)安(an)全(quan)(quan)柜(ju)時，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)考(kao)慮(lv)(lv)房間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。當對(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)溫濕度(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)不高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以開窗從室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)直接進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)；當室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)比(bi)較差(cha)(cha)，或(huo)者說地(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)四季的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫差(cha)(cha)相(xiang)差(cha)(cha)比(bi)較大(da)時，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)開窗方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，會對(dui)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)會造成(cheng)比(bi)較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)時，則需考(kao)慮(lv)(lv)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)柜(ju)，也可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)對(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：在這種情(qing)況(kuang)下，通(tong)(tong)(tong)常考(kao)慮(lv)(lv)另設一套補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)應根(gen)據實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)作(zuo)相(xiang)應處理(li)(li)(li)，如(ru)(ru)調(diao)(diao)(diao)溫、調(diao)(diao)(diao)濕、除塵等.采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這種補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)柜(ju)排(pai)(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)與補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)需進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)聯動控制(zhi)，才能保證實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)對(dui)穩定，減(jian)少浪費。第(di)五類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)送(song)排(pai)(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)如(ru)(ru)圖6所示. 3不同(tong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)設計(ji)(ji)參數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇 對(dui)于不同(tong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)氣流(liu)(liu)(liu)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)設計(ji)(ji)時，需根(gen)據實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，來確(que)定實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中壓力梯度(du)、潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)度(du)、換(huan)氣次(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)、溫濕度(du)、噪聲(sheng)、氣流(liu)(liu)(liu)方(fang)向(xiang)與送(song)排(pai)(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等參數(shu)(shu)。見(jian)表1。表1各類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)設計(ji)(ji)基本參數(shu)(shu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)名(ming)稱空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)回(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)排(pai)(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)度(du)級(ji)(ji)(ji)別(bie)換(huan)氣次(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)(次(ci)(ci)/h）主實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壓強(Pa)溫度(du)(℃）濕度(du)(％)第(di)1類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)BSL—3、BSL-4實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獨(du)(du)立(li)(li)、全(quan)(quan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)全(quan)(quan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，不能回(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)7~8級(ji)(ji)(ji)12或(huo)15名(ming)義值—4018~27 30～60負壓BSL—2實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)宜全(quan)(quan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)建(jian)議高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)7～8級(ji)(ji)(ji)12或(huo)15—20～—3018～27 30～60第(di)2類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)SPF動物(wu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獨(du)(du)立(li)(li)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)宜全(quan)(quan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)宜活性(xing)碳過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)7級(ji)(ji)(ji)〉16 20～30 20~25 40～70衛生(sheng)微生(sheng)物(wu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獨(du)(du)立(li)(li)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)墻(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)5~7級(ji)(ji)(ji)5級(ji)(ji)(ji)為單(dan)向(xiang)氣流(liu)(liu)(liu)，6～7級(ji)(ji)(ji)為10～15〉5 20～26 30～60ICP—MS分(fen)析儀器實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獨(du)(du)立(li)(li)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)側(ce)(ce)(ce)墻(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)6～7級(ji)(ji)(ji)〉16〉5 18~27 40~60消(xiao)(xiao)毒(du)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獨(du)(du)立(li)(li)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)側(ce)(ce)(ce)墻(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)局部(bu)5級(ji)(ji)(ji)，其他7~8級(ji)(ji)(ji)1次(ci)(ci)，局部(bu)5級(ji)(ji)(ji)為單(dan)向(xiang)氣流(liu)(liu)(liu)〉10恒(heng)(heng)溫20～26恒(heng)(heng)濕30～60AMES培養實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)獨(du)(du)立(li)(li)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)全(quan)(quan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，不能回(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)側(ce)(ce)(ce)墻(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)7級(ji)(ji)(ji)〉16 10～15 20～25 40～70第(di)3類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)負壓BSL—2實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蟲媒病毒(du)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熒光顯微鏡觀(guan)察室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切片室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)寄生(sheng)蟲及地(di)方(fang)病實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)管(guan)盤(pan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中央(yang)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)或(huo)分(fen)體空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)冷熱(re)源(yuan)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)送(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)管(guan)向(xiang)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)送(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)形(xing)成(cheng)氣流(liu)(liu)(liu)組(zu)織.并視情(qing)況(kuang)增加(jia)補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong).宜全(quan)(quan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)有(you)回(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)墻(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)建(jian)議高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)建(jian)議高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)7~8級(ji)(ji)(ji)10~15〉6>6—20~—30-20~—30—10～2018～2718~2718～2740~6040~6040～6045~70恒(heng)(heng)濕45±5恒(heng)(heng)濕第(di)4類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)測試倉消(xiao)(xiao)毒(du)產品消(xiao)(xiao)毒(du)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)倉體應采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)獨(du)(du)立(li)(li)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)；操作(zuo)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)準備室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)樓宇中央(yang)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)側(ce)(ce)(ce)墻(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)墻(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)10無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)恒(heng)(heng)溫23±0·5恒(heng)(heng)溫23~25第(di)5類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)理(li)(li)(li)化實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)BSL—1級(ji)(ji)(ji)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)射性(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)管(guan)盤(pan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中央(yang)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)或(huo)分(fen)體空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)冷熱(re)源(yuan)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)送(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)管(guan)向(xiang)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)送(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)形(xing)成(cheng)氣流(liu)(liu)(liu)組(zu)織。并視情(qing)況(kuang)增加(jia)補(bu)(bu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)柜(ju)內(nei)廢氣需經處理(li)(li)(li)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)墻(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)自(zi)然(ran)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)自(zi)然(ran)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)16～2816~28≤70≤70無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)自(zi)然(ran)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)16~28≤70普通(tong)(tong)(tong)職業衛生(sheng)安(an)全(quan)(quan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)自(zi)然(ran)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)16~28≤70慢性(xing)非傳染性(xing)疾(ji)病實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)自(zi)然(ran)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)16~28≤70毒(du)理(li)(li)(li)學(xue)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)潔(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)凈(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)自(zi)然(ran)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)16～28≤70注:本表中的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)參數(shu)(shu)按(an)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)處理(li)(li)(li)；第(di)1類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)~第(di)5類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)噪聲(sheng)應達到≤60 dB（A)。

實(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)(she)不僅要考(kao)慮(lv)室(shi)(shi)內的(de)(de)舒(shu)適性(xing)，更要考(kao)慮(lv)實(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)(shi)環(huan)境的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)性(xing)與避免交叉污(wu)染的(de)(de)相對獨立(li)性(xing).空調(diao)(diao)通風系統作為(wei)實(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要環(huan)節(jie)，事關實(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)(shi)環(huan)境和人員安(an)全(quan).如(ru)何(he)選(xuan)擇安(an)全(quan)、合適、節(jie)約(yue)資源、降低運行(xing)費(fei)用(yong)的(de)(de)空調(diao)(diao)系統是實(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)(she)時(shi)需要慎重(zhong)考(kao)慮(lv)的(de)(de)問題。建議疾控中心建設(she)(she)(she)時(shi)，在(zai)平面規(gui)劃設(she)(she)(she)計上結合實(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)(shi)工藝需要，盡量(liang)考(kao)慮(lv)將具(ju)有同樣空調(diao)(diao)通風要求的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)(shi)進行(xing)合理的(de)(de)整合與布置，以節(jie)約(yue)投資，降低運行(xing)費(fei)用(yong)，提高(gao)管理效率.