對于實驗室來說一般要做到完全不產生靜電是不可能的，防靜電實驗室的意義就在于防止因靜電積聚而引發的靜電放電，實驗室防靜電的處理關鍵是讓那些已經存在靜電荷的地方保持在一定的安全電壓下。電子儀器生產過程中常常采用接地、靜電泄露、耗散、中和、增濕，屏蔽等措施達到盡量防止和抑制靜電的產生和靜電積聚，或是使得已產生的靜電積聚迅速、安全、有效地消除的目的，從而對靜電破壞進行防護。防靜電實驗室裝修設計該注意什么？

一、實驗室靜電導致的事故

1．靜電(dian)(dian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)引起的放(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，可導致諸如半導體(ti)元件等破壞和(he)誤動(dong)作，例如將(jiang)50塊P- MOS電(dian)(dian)路放(fang)在塑(su)料袋(dai)內(nei)，搖晃數(shu)次后，與非門柵(zha)極嚴重擊穿者計39塊，失效(xiao)率(lv)競達78%，這是因為半導體(ti)器件對(dui)靜電(dian)(dian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)十(shi)分(fen)靈敏(min)；

2．靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)引起的靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)擊，引起人的不安全和恐懼感，并(bing)可(ke)造(zao)成二(er)次傷(shang)害(例如人因受電(dian)(dian)擊而摔(shuai)倒，由摔(shuai)倒又(you)致傷(shang))；

3．靜電放電的發光可(ke)導(dao)致照像肢片等感(gan)光破壞；

4．靜(jing)電放電產生的(de)電磁波可導致電子儀器和裝置的(de)雜音和誤動作；

5．靜電(dian)(dian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)引(yin)起的(de)(de)最危險的(de)(de)災害是(shi)成為可(ke)燃物(wu)的(de)(de)火源井引(yin)起爆炸(zha)，例如國外文獻統計，在手術室(shi)使用爆炸(zha)性麻醉劑的(de)(de)86000次中，爆炸(zha)的(de)(de)36次，其中由靜電(dian)(dian)引(yin)起的(de)(de)達21次；

6．靜電的力學現象可導致(zhi)篩孔被粉塵堵塞，紡紗線紛亂，印(yin)刷品深淺不均和(he)制品污染。

二、實驗室裝修防靜電處理

1. 溫(wen)濕(shi)度(du)控制(zhi)(zhi)：保持一定濕(shi)度(du)、溫(wen)度(du)從表(biao)的(de)(de)數據中可(ke)以看到，環(huan)境濕(shi)度(du)對人(ren)體活動產(chan)生的(de)(de)靜(jing)(jing)電電壓影響非常大，靜(jing)(jing)電防護區的(de)(de)相(xiang)對環(huan)境濕(shi)度(du)應控制(zhi)(zhi)在40％以上。在工(gong)藝(yi)條件(jian)許可(ke)時，可(ke)以安(an)裝空(kong)調加濕(shi)、噴霧器等以提高空(kong)氣的(de)(de)相(xiang)對濕(shi)度(du)。另外(wai)，絕對濕(shi)度(du)一定時，溫(wen)度(du)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)區域會比溫(wen)度(du)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)區域相(xiang)對濕(shi)度(du)小，因此保持較(jiao)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)對靜(jing)(jing)電防護也是有利的(de)(de)。

2. 良好的(de)接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)系統(tong)：防靜電(dian)接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)系統(tong)是(shi)接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)泄漏(lou)的(de)入地(di)(di)通道(dao)，是(shi)將接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)的(de)地(di)(di)面(mian)，墻面(mian)，工作(zuo)臺，設(she)備，儀器(qi)，腕帶等按工作(zuo)區域使(shi)接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)電(dian)荷(he)順次入地(di)(di)的(de)電(dian)氣聯結系統(tong)。

3. 給靜(jing)(jing)電防(fang)護(hu)環境中的(de)所有導體（包括人員）提供(gong)一條信道，使靜(jing)(jing)電在(zai)較短時間(jian)內（如O.1S）及時、安(an)全地(di)(di)泄放，即通常所說的(de)靜(jing)(jing)電接地(di)(di)。可靠的(de)接地(di)(di)提供(gong)“等電位”效(xiao)果，可以(yi)有效(xiao)減少靜(jing)(jing)電對靜(jing)(jing)電敏感(gan)器件造(zao)成的(de)傷害。

4. 靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)防護區(qu)域：該(gai)系統必須要有獨立的(de)，可(ke)靠的(de)接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)裝(zhuang)置接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)小(xiao)于10ohm(防靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)不得接(jie)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源零線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上，不得與防雷地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)共用(yong)，如使用(yong)三相五線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，其大地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)作(zuo)為防靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，但零線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)不得混(hun)接(jie))接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)主(zhu)干線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)截(jie)(jie)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)小(xiao)于100mm2,支(zhi)干線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)截(jie)(jie)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)小(xiao)于6mm2,設備和(he)工(gong)作(zuo)臺的(de)接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)采用(yong)截(jie)(jie)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)不小(xiao)于1.25mm2的(de)多(duo)股敷塑導線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian) 接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)顏(yan)色以(yi)黃綠色線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為宜(yi) 接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)主(zhu)干線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)連接(jie)方式應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)采用(yong)釬(han)焊；專用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)埋(mai)在(zai)建(jian)筑物的(de)陰(yin)面(mian)潮濕(shi)處地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)由一塊(kuai)長600~700mm寬400~500mm厚4~5mm的(de)紫銅板(ban)(ban)及(ji)釬(han)焊在(zai)紫銅板(ban)(ban)上的(de)引出(chu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian);截(jie)(jie)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)不小(xiao)于100mm2的(de)扁銅線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)<組成。

5. 可選用鋁合(he)金(jin)防靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)地(di)板(ban)：鋁合(he)金(jin)防靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)地(di)板(ban)具有防靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、防塵、防磁、耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕(shi)、耐(nai)變形(xing)、耐(nai)摩擦等特點(dian)，常用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子、微電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子工廠，以及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力調度室、醫療行業(ye)的(de)程控機房、計算機機房、潔凈凈化工廠/實驗室等場所(suo)。